Rubella persistence in epidermal keratinocytes and granuloma M2 macrophages in patients with primary immunodeficiencies

Cutaneous granulomas are a well-recognized pathologic feature in patients with various primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) and may be self-limited or can progress to a persisting granulomatous disorder.1,2 Rubella virus (RV) vaccine strain RA27/3 has been recently detected in disseminated cutaneous granulomas of 2 patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) and a patient with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (who had combined immunodeficiency [CID]).3 However, a more detailed study of a larger series of granuloma cases in patients with different PIDs was required to confirm and extend this observation.

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