Role of volcanic and anthropogenic aerosols in the recent global surface warming slowdown

The rate of global mean surface temperature (GMST) warming has slowed this century despite the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases. Climate model experiments show that this slowdown was largely driven by a negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), with a smaller external contribution from solar variability, and volcanic and anthropogenic aerosols . The prevailing view is that this negative PDO occurred through internal variability.