Reports and Documents

Farmers in India are exposed to large agriculture risks due to vagaries of nature. One of the most effective mechanisms to mitigate agricultural risks is to have a robust insurance system.

The Sub-Saharan African region is both a shaper and taker of new global trends and disruptive developments. It is important to look beyond the global outlook and engage with regionally specific situations and developments.

An action plan for implementing the New Urban Agenda (NUA) in Latin America and the Caribbean envisions the city as a “macro-level public good” where citizens’ economic, social, cultural and environmental rights are guaranteed.

In the entire mineral rich region of Orissa, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, where even non-Naxal areas (Posco, Kathikund, Kalinganagar, Narayanpatna, Potka) are seeing brutal police repression, mining seems to be the motivating factor for a ground clearing of the adivasis – if necessary by war, as in Dantewada.

This paper analyzes the roles of policies and preferences in national adoption of solar and wind energy technologies. Use cross-sectional and panel regressions for both the European Union and a broader international sample. Find that countries that price carbon emissions have gone on to adopt more solar and wind energy.

With rapid urbanization, high-density, high-rise megacities have become very common globally. So far, models to estimate exposure to air pollution have been largely two-dimensional.

The Outlook for Energy is ExxonMobil’s view of energy demand and supply through 2040. A significant energy transition is underway, and many factors will shape the world’s energy future. These include government ambitions and policies that seek to promote prosperity while also addressing the risks of climate change.

This report is the first to bring together an overview of policy options available to national governments as well as guidance on how to design national urban policies around low-carbon, inclusive, sustainable development goals.

This brief examines estimates produced by several recent model simulations and frameworks that focus on the cost of ending hunger as well as progress toward other development goals—estimates that range from US$7 billion to US$265 billion per year.

This discussion brief explores the possibility of a “climate test” for new industrial development by focusing on a case study in the U.S. State of Washington. The debate in Washington over a new chemical facility – to make methanol, a building block of plastics – has centered on its GHG emissions.