Advanced biofuels: What holds them back?

Advanced liquid biofuels are a key part of low-carbon transport development to meet emission-reduction targets and international climate commitments. Liquid biofuels, requiring minimal changes to fuel distribution infrastructure or the transport fleet, can be deployed rapidly to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) analyses current barriers to investment in advanced biofuels. Based primarily on a survey of industry executives and decision makers, the study aims to capture the perspective of project developers aiming to nurture the market and scale up actual usage in competition with fossil fuels.