Reports and Documents

Investor calls for transparency and the rise of social media have thrust the impact businesses have on the economy, the environment and society more firmly into the public spotlight.

This report investigates the climate of two target regions of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS): Central and South America (CA and SA, respectively).

The ICIMOD and GRID-Arendal have released a report detailing the food security and agricultural situation in the Hindu Kush Himalayas (HKH). The publication considers how food security is being affected by changing socioeconomic and environmental conditions in the region, including climate change and rising global food prices.

Urbanization is a result as well as a driver of growth, but has often been accompanied by problems with pollution, congestion, slums, and damage to the environment and ecosystems.

The 2015 Millennium Development Goal to reduce by 50 percent the share of the world’s population living in extreme poverty was met early. The number of individuals in developing countries who live in extreme poverty had decreased from 43 percent in 1990 to 21 percent by 2010.

This paper examines the status, future prospects, environmental implications, investment and infrastructure requirements, and risks of alternative energy sources such as solar resource, wind power, and unconventional gas. Solar resource is considered excellent across developing Asia, while the wind resource is strong in several economies.

Water demand projections (WDPs) are widely used for future water resource planning. Accurate WDPs can reduce waste or scarcity associated with overdevelopment or underdevelopment, respectively, of water resources.

This report presents an approach to quantify the power generation potentials for solar and wind energy resources in Africa, as well as an estimation of the bioenergy potential from selected first-generation biofuel crops.

The potential of renewable energy is not only limited to electricity generation, but also for a variety of applications (heating, cooling, mechanical and cooking) spanning across several sectors (residential, commercial and industrial).

On July 4, 2014, India finalized the fourth stage of emission standards for motorized two-wheeled vehicles. The Bharat Stage (BS) IV standards will go into effect for type approval of new motorcycle models in April 2016, and for all motorcycle models in April 2017.