Feature Article

Formaldehyde can be toxic, allergenic and carcinogenic. Evaporation of formaldehyde from formalin-treated cadavers in the anatomy dissection rooms can produce high exposure. This study was conducted to assess acute and chronic toxic effects of formalin-treated cadavers on medical students, staff members, and workers at the Anatomy department in the Alexandria Faculty of Medicine (AFM).

Original Source

In low-middle income countries and other areas of poverty, menstrual hygiene management (MHM) can be problematic for women and girls. Issues include lack of knowledge about menstruation and MHM, and stigma around menstruation, also access to affordable and absorbent materials; privacy to change; adequate washing, cleaning and drying facilities; as well as appropriate and accessible disposal facilities. In order to effect change and tackle these issues, particularly in patriarchal societies, males may need to become advocates for MHM alongside women.

In the last five years antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has gained greater importance and climbed up higher on the global health and development agenda. In 2011, an initiative by India was culminated in the Jaipur Declaration on AMR by the 11 countries of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) South-East Asia region. In response to request by the 68th Session of the World Health Assembly (WHA), the WHO coordinated the development of a global action plan (GAP) against AMR through extensive process of consultation.

By reviving millet farming systems, the tribal households in Odisha have reduced their vulnerability to climate change. The millet based farming has also helped in addressing the problem of malnutrition in the communities.

The Mactaquac Dam and Generating Station, a 672 MW run-of-the-river hydroelectric facility located on the Saint John River, Canada, will have to be decommissioned or reconstructed by 2030. In order to simulate the impact of reservoir emptying (drawdown) and climate change on the thermal regime of the lower reaches of the river, the CEQUEAU hydrological and water temperature model was used.

Importance for organic and chemical free food consumption is growing rapidly. Consumers are ready to pay more money to get a quality food. Farmers need to hold this entrepreneurial opportunity to fasten economic empowerment. One such efforts done by a farmers’ interest group was studied in this perspective. Formation and conduct of the group along with the group dynamics of the group members was studied and presented in this paper.

Groundwater potential analysis prepares better comprehension of hydrological settings of different regions. This study shows the potency of two GIS-based data driven bivariate techniques namely statistical index (SI) and Dempster–Shafer theory (DST) to analyze groundwater potential in Broujerd region of Iran. The research was done using 11 groundwater conditioning factors and 496 spring positions.

Precipitation samples were collected across the Himalayas from Kashmir (western Himalaya) to Assam (eastern Himalaya) to understand the variation of the stable isotopic content (δ 18O and δD) in precipitation associated with two dominant weather systems of the region: western disturbances (WDs) and Indian summer monsoon (ISM).

Original Source

The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a pronounced influence on year-to-year variations in climate1. The response of fires to this forcing2 is complex and has not been evaluated systematically across different continents. Here we use satellite data to create a climatology of burned-area and fire-emissions responses, drawing on six El Niño and six La Niña events during 1997–2016.

A critical question for agricultural production and food security is how water demand for staple crops will respond to climate and carbon dioxide (CO2) changes, especially in light of the expected increases in extreme heat exposure. To quantify the trade-offs between the effects of climate and CO2 on water demand, we use a ‘sink-strength’ model of demand which relies on the vapour-pressure deficit (VPD), incident radiation and the efficiencies of canopy-radiation use and canopy transpiration; the latter two are both dependent on CO2.